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Apruébalo B2 First

Gapped text: parte 6 del B2 First

6 preguntas · 2 puntos cada una · cuenta en Reading

En la parte 6 lees un texto del que se han quitado 6 frases. Tienes 7 frases desordenadas y colocas seis, una en cada hueco; una sobra. Para acertar, sigue las pistas que unen cada frase con lo que va antes y lo que va después.

Qué te piden

Son 6 preguntas. Cada acierto vale 2 puntos: 12 puntos en total, dentro de Reading. Cada frase se usa una sola vez, y una de las siete no va en ningún hueco.

Tiempo orientativo

En la app te proponemos unos 13 minutos. Es un tiempo orientativo nuestro, no una norma del examen. Dedica los primeros minutos a leer el texto entero: sin él, las pistas no se ven.

Qué evalúa

Mide si entiendes cómo está construido un texto: cómo avanza la historia o el argumento, y qué palabras unen cada frase con la anterior y con la siguiente.

Las pistas de cohesión

  • Pronombres y determinantes

    It, they, this, these, such remiten a algo dicho antes. Comprueba que existe y que coincide en número.

    • They were not happy with the result.
    • Such behaviour is rarely seen in young birds.
  • Conectores

    However anuncia un contraste; as a result, una consecuencia; also o what is more, una idea más.

    • However, the plan did not work.
    • As a result, the road was closed for a week.
  • Ideas repetidas

    La frase retoma una idea del texto con otras palabras o con un sinónimo: the trip antes, the journey después.

    • The journey home took even longer.
  • Orden en el tiempo

    Las expresiones de tiempo dicen qué pasó antes y qué después.

    • Two weeks later, the first results arrived.
    • By then, most of the team had left.

Paso a paso

  • Lee el texto entero sin las frases para entender el tema y cómo avanza.
  • Lee las siete frases y subraya en cada una las pistas: pronombres, conectores, nombres, fechas.
  • En cada hueco, lee la frase de antes y la de después.
  • Coloca primero las frases de las que estés seguro. Así quedan menos opciones para los huecos difíciles.
  • Comprueba que la frase encaja con lo de antes y también con lo de después.
  • Al final, lee el texto completo y confirma que la frase que sobra no encaja en ningún hueco.

Trampas habituales

  • La frase que trata del mismo tema pero rompe la unión gramatical, por ejemplo un they cuando antes solo hay una persona.
  • La frase que encaja con lo de antes pero no con lo de después.
  • La frase que sobra: puede tratar del mismo tema y repetir palabras del texto, pero no encaja con lo de antes y lo de después de ningún hueco.
  • Un conector de contraste donde el texto no cambia de dirección.

Ojo.En inglés people y police van en plural, y news e information en singular. Si no lo tienes en cuenta, un it o un they te puede llevar a la frase equivocada.

Antes de pasar a otra parte

  • Cada pronombre de las frases colocadas tiene a quién referirse.
  • Cada conector expresa la relación que hay entre las ideas.
  • El orden en el tiempo tiene sentido.
  • Has usado seis frases distintas y te sobra una.

Ejercicios de muestra

Dos ejercicios de la parte 6 con corrección y explicación de cada pregunta. Están escritos por nosotros con el formato del examen; no son preguntas de exámenes oficiales.

Ejercicio 1: My first marathon at fifty

Coloca en cada hueco la frase que falta. Sobra una.

When my doctor told me, two days after my forty-ninth birthday, that I needed to take more exercise, I decided to do something dramatic about it. I would run a marathon. I had never run further than the end of the street to catch a bus, but that, I told myself, was a minor detail. Other people managed it every year, after all, and some of them were a good deal older than me.

My family's reaction was not encouraging. My son laughed so much that he had to leave the room, and my wife asked, quite seriously, whether I had checked that our health insurance was up to date. (1) Within a week I had bought a pair of expensive running shoes, downloaded a training plan and announced my intention to everyone at work.

The plan itself looked simple enough. It began with three short runs a week and gradually increased the distance over six months. (2) By the end of that outing, which was supposed to last twenty minutes, I was walking slowly home, red in the face, after barely ten.

What saved me was a running club that met in the local park on Saturday mornings. I had always imagined that such clubs were full of thin, serious people in bright clothes who would look down on beginners. (3) There were teenagers and grandparents, people training for races and people who simply enjoyed the company, and the coach, a former PE teacher called Bridget, seemed to have time for all of them. Nobody asked how fast I was, which was just as well.

Bridget's first piece of advice surprised me. She told me to slow down. Most beginners, she explained, try to run too fast and give up because every run feels like torture. (4) At first I felt rather foolish jogging along at a speed that would hardly have frightened a pigeon, but within a month I could run for half an hour without stopping.

Not everything went to plan. In the third month I injured my knee, and for several weeks I could do nothing but swim and feel sorry for myself. (5) In the end, it was my son, the same one who had laughed at the idea, who persuaded me to carry on. He had started coming to the park with me on Saturdays, and he pointed out that it would be a shame to waste everything I had already done. He even offered to come on my longest training runs with me.

On the day of the race, I was more nervous than I had been at my own wedding. I had been warned that the last ten kilometres would be the hardest, and they were. My legs ached, my shoes felt as if they were full of stones, and at one point I seriously considered sitting down at the side of the road. (6) I finished in just under five hours, which is not a time that will impress many serious runners. But when I crossed the line and saw my son waiting there, cheering more loudly than anyone, it felt like the best result in the world.

Las frases

  • A In fact, the members turned out to be a remarkably mixed group.
  • B More than once during those weeks, I came close to abandoning the whole project.
  • C The second half of the course, by contrast, seemed to pass surprisingly quickly.
  • D Their lack of confidence in me, however, only made me more determined.
  • E Somehow, though, I kept putting one foot in front of the other.
  • F Following it, as I discovered on my very first run, was another matter.
  • G Running slowly, on the other hand, allows the body to adapt and makes it far more likely that you will keep going.
Hueco 1
Hueco 2
Hueco 3
Hueco 4
Hueco 5
Hueco 6
Ver las soluciones y las explicaciones
  1. D · Their lack of confidence in me, however, only made me more determined.. «Their lack of confidence» recoge la reacción del hijo y de la mujer; «however» introduce el contraste con lo que hace después: compra zapatillas y un plan. En el texto: My son laughed so much that he had to leave the room, and my wife asked, quite seriously, whether I had checked that our health insurance was up to date.
  2. F · Following it, as I discovered on my very first run, was another matter.. «It» es el plan, que parecía sencillo; «my very first run» conecta con «that outing» de la frase siguiente. En el texto: The plan itself looked simple enough. It began with three short runs a week and gradually increased the distance over six months.
  3. A · In fact, the members turned out to be a remarkably mixed group.. «In fact» corrige la idea anterior sobre los clubes, y «a remarkably mixed group» se desarrolla después: adolescentes, abuelos, etc. En el texto: There were teenagers and grandparents, people training for races and people who simply enjoyed the company
  4. G · Running slowly, on the other hand, allows the body to adapt and makes it far more likely that you will keep going.. «On the other hand» contrasta con correr demasiado rápido, y la frase siguiente habla de trotar despacio. En el texto: Most beginners, she explained, try to run too fast and give up because every run feels like torture.
  5. B · More than once during those weeks, I came close to abandoning the whole project.. «Those weeks» son las semanas de la lesión, y la idea de abandonar explica el «persuaded me to carry on» de después. En el texto: In the end, it was my son, the same one who had laughed at the idea, who persuaded me to carry on.
  6. E · Somehow, though, I kept putting one foot in front of the other.. «Though» contrasta con las ganas de sentarse al borde de la carretera: aun así, siguió y terminó. En el texto: My legs ached, my shoes felt as if they were full of stones, and at one point I seriously considered sitting down at the side of the road.

Avisar de un error en este ejercicio

Ejercicio 2: Our first allotment

Coloca en cada hueco la frase que falta. Sobra una.

When my partner and I moved into a flat with no garden, we put our names on the waiting list for an allotment, a small piece of land that the local council rents out for growing vegetables. Neither of us knew much about growing things, but we liked the idea. We were told the wait could be up to five years, so we more or less forgot about it. Then, eighteen months later, a letter arrived offering us plot 14. (1)

The plot had not been used for two years, and it showed. Brambles had taken over most of it, and the old shed in the corner leaned so far to one side that we were afraid to open the door. When we finally dared to look inside, we found a rusty wheelbarrow, a pile of broken pots and a family of mice. We spent our first weekend simply cutting things down. By Sunday evening our hands were covered in scratches and we had cleared perhaps a quarter of the ground. (2)

Help came from an unexpected direction. Our neighbour on plot 15 was a man in his eighties called Desmond, who had been growing vegetables on the site for over forty years. His own plot was the tidiest on the site, with perfectly straight rows of beans and not a single weed. For the first few weeks he watched us without saying much. (3) After that, he appeared at our gate most mornings with advice, seeds and, occasionally, a tool he no longer needed.

Desmond's main lesson was patience. We wanted to plant everything immediately, but he insisted that the soil had to be prepared first, and that took the whole winter. 'Good soil is like a bank account,' he told us. 'You have to put something in before you can take anything out.' We dug in manure, removed stones and pulled out roots that seemed to go down forever. (4) When spring finally came, though, the difference was obvious: the earth was dark and soft, and things grew in it almost as soon as they were planted.

Our first harvest was not quite what we had imagined. The potatoes were excellent, and we had more courgettes than we could possibly eat. (5) We learnt to take a more relaxed attitude: if one crop failed, another usually did well, and there was always next year. We also discovered that it is almost impossible to give away courgettes in August, because everyone else has too many as well.

What surprised us most, though, was how much the allotment changed our weeks. We had expected it to be a hobby, something we did on Saturdays. Instead, we found ourselves going there most evenings, even when there was no real work to do. We would water a few plants, pull up a weed or two and then simply sit on the old bench by the shed. (6) Desmond says that is the real reason most people keep their plots, and that the vegetables are just an excuse. I am beginning to think he is right.

Las frases

  • A We did most of it in the cold and rain, and by February we were starting to wonder whether it was worth it.
  • B At that rate, we calculated, we would need another three months just to clear the ground.
  • C There is something about sitting outside in the evening light, surrounded by things you have grown, that makes the rest of the day seem less important.
  • D Luckily, the previous tenant had left everything in excellent condition.
  • E We accepted the same day, without the slightest idea of what we were taking on.
  • F The carrots, on the other hand, were tiny, and slugs ate almost every lettuce we planted.
  • G Then one day, seeing us struggle with a broken spade, he came over and lent us his own.
Hueco 1
Hueco 2
Hueco 3
Hueco 4
Hueco 5
Hueco 6
Ver las soluciones y las explicaciones
  1. E · We accepted the same day, without the slightest idea of what we were taking on.. Tras la carta con la oferta, E cuenta que aceptaron enseguida sin saber lo que les esperaba, y el párrafo siguiente muestra el mal estado del terreno. D no vale: el terreno estaba abandonado. En el texto: Then, eighteen months later, a letter arrived offering us plot 14.
  2. B · At that rate, we calculated, we would need another three months just to clear the ground.. «At that rate» se refiere al ritmo que acaba de dar: un cuarto del terreno en un fin de semana. Y prepara «Help came…». En el texto: By Sunday evening our hands were covered in scratches and we had cleared perhaps a quarter of the ground.
  3. G · Then one day, seeing us struggle with a broken spade, he came over and lent us his own.. «He» es Desmond, que hasta entonces solo miraba; G cuenta el primer gesto, y «After that» sigue con lo que hizo a partir de ese día. En el texto: For the first few weeks he watched us without saying much.
  4. A · We did most of it in the cold and rain, and by February we were starting to wonder whether it was worth it.. A habla del trabajo de invierno («by February») y de sus dudas, y «When spring finally came, though» contesta a esas dudas. En el texto: When spring finally came, though, the difference was obvious: the earth was dark and soft
  5. F · The carrots, on the other hand, were tiny, and slugs ate almost every lettuce we planted.. Tras lo que salió bien (patatas y calabacines), «on the other hand» introduce lo que salió mal, y luego viene «if one crop failed». En el texto: The potatoes were excellent, and we had more courgettes than we could possibly eat.
  6. C · There is something about sitting outside in the evening light, surrounded by things you have grown, that makes the rest of the day seem less important.. Explica por qué iban por las tardes aunque no hubiera trabajo, y «that is the real reason» se refiere a esa sensación. En el texto: We would water a few plants, pull up a weed or two and then simply sit on the old bench by the shed.

Avisar de un error en este ejercicio

Las otras partes